How To Check Common Wifi No Access

How IP Addressing Functions When using the Internet, you are assigned a Public IPv4 address, such as 226.110.196.130, or an IPv6 address like 2000:5ad5:b7ac:75cd:adf8:32d3:dbd9:4d8c. This information can be verified at https://test-ipv6.com/. However, conveying or referring to these addresses, including MAC addresses such as 71:b8:1d:fa:12:f9, can be prone to errors and become complicated quickly, especially for those who are not technically inclined. How IP Addressing Functions When using the Internet, you are assigned a Public IPv4 address, such as 226.110.196.130, or an IPv6 address like 2000:5ad5:b7ac:75cd:adf8:32d3:dbd9:4d8c. This information can be verified at https://test-ipv6.com/. However, conveying or referring to these addresses, including MAC addresses such as 71:b8:1d:fa:12:f9, can be prone to errors and become complicated quickly, especially for those who are not technically inclined.

How IP Addressing Functions

When using the Internet, you are assigned a Public IPv4 address, such as 226.110.196.130, or an IPv6 address like 2000:5ad5:b7ac:75cd:adf8:32d3:dbd9:4d8c. This information can be verified at https://test-ipv6.com/. However, conveying or referring to these addresses, including MAC addresses such as 71:b8:1d:fa:12:f9, can be prone to errors and become complicated quickly, especially for those who are not technically inclined. Moreover, this does not offer any historical data, particularly when addressing past issues.

When accessing a webpage like https://tillman.name, the initial step is to connect to a DNS server to convert the host section (tillman) paired with the Top Level Domain (name) of the URL into an IP address, such as 40.245.215.230. With every web request, your computer and browser actually transmit its type, for example,
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2228.0 Safari/537.36.

Understanding the Significance of Default Gateways

The default gateway is typically an automatically allocated address through DHCP. You receive a default gateway, such as 192.0.0.44 (although they usually end in .1 or .254 based on the scope size), and this is where your computer directs all its traffic to be forwarded. For IPv6, detailed instructions are provided in our article on how-to-fix-ipv6-connectivity/, but you can verify this on Mac or Linux by using:

IPv4 Routes and the Host IPv4 Route Table (inc. VPN)

netstat -rn -f inet | egrep -i "default|0/1|128.0/1"

0/1      172.18.12.193  UGScg  utun3
default  192.0.0.44    UGScg  en0
128.0/1  172.18.12.193  UGSc   utun3

Note: We are not just looking for the default but also for any VPN that overrides the public v4 address space.

IPv6 Routes and the Host IPv6 Route Table (inc. VPN)

netstat -rn -f inet6 | egrep -i "default|2000::/3"

If you have IPv6 active the above should return at least one route (as per below) via a known interface such as “en0 " on a Mac.

default   fe80:9839:497f:48a7:6959%en0  UGcg   en0
default   fe80::%utun0                   UGcIg  utun0
default   fe80::%utun1                   UGcIg  utun1
default   fe80::%utun2                   UGcIg  utun2
2000::/3  utun3                          USc    utun3

Note: We are not just looking for the default but also for any VPN that overrides the public v6 address space.

Debugging DHCP for both IPv4 and IPv6

To get a look at the low level DHCP configuration (Mac/Linux):

ipconfig getpacket en0

...
domain_name_server (ip_mult): {222.73.232.184, 143.148.194.154}
end (none):
...

So, in the above we are not getting IPv6 DNS servers from the DHCPv4 reply but…

ipconfig getv6packet en0

DHCPv6 REPLY (7) Transaction ID 0x80940b Length 76
Options[4] = {
  CLIENTID (1) Length 14: DUID LLT HW 1 Time 668691856 Addr 71:b8:1d:fa:12:f9
  DNS_SERVERS (23) Length 32: 2606:4700:4700::1111, 2001:4860:4860::8844
  DOMAIN_LIST (24) Length 0:  Invalid
  SERVERID (2) Length 10: DUID LL HW 1 Addr bd:24:f8:7c:ba:5b
}

Resolve Connectivity Issues with Wired or Wireless Networks

When it comes to transmitting data to your router, you may utilize a wired or wireless (Wi-Fi) medium at the physical and data layer.

Troubleshooting Tips for Apple macOS / OSX

No matter the version of OSX/macOS you are using, whether it’s 10.11.4, 11.6.5, or 12.1.4, there are various tools available for resolving connectivity issues. However, these manual actions and scripts do not provide a series of correlated values over time. This is where automated remote troubleshooting becomes invaluable, particularly for teams that are embracing remote work and Work From Anywhere (WFA).

Useful Built-in Scripts

One extremely helpful tool on OSX/macOS is the sudo wdutil info, which provides a dump of the current wireless settings to the CLI and can be configured to generate specific logs for troubleshooting. Additionally, the sysdiagnose tool can be used to generate a wide range of logs, although much of it is related to wireless settings at a specific point in time, similar to wdutil.

Running sudo nohup /usr/bin/sysdiagnose -u & in the background will write logs to /var/tmp/<blah>.tar.gz. If you prefer to run it interactively, you can use sudo /usr/bin/sysdiagnose, which will provide a privacy warning. When run in the background, it should open Finder in the correct location, or you can navigate to /var/tmp using Finder with Cmd+Shift+G. Keep in mind that the file sizes will be approximately 300MB.

Possibly Helpful Videos

Video Title Channel
Automated Root Cause Analysis in Wireless Networks Karan Gupta Wireless LAN Professionals
Do You Have A Wired or Wireless Problem Wireless LAN Professionals
TIP OpenWifi Demo Network Setup for WLPC Drew Lentz WLPC Prague 2022 Wireless LAN Professionals
The Importance of Broadcast/Multicast Filtering in Wi-Fi HD Arjan Koopen WLPC EU Budapest 2016 Wireless LAN Professionals
Benefits of WPA3, Enhanced Open, and Easy Connect P. Ebbecke, P. Correll WLPC Prague 2018 Wireless LAN Professionals
Table 1.0 - Video Help



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